Monitoramento e diagnóstico da qualidade da água do Rio Marmeleiro - PR

Abstract

The River Marmeleiro is located in the city of Marmeleiro, situated in the southwest of the state of Paraná. The city is mainly agricultural and approximately 50% of the rural properties are located in the river basin. The checking of the water quality from the river was carried out by monitoring for a period of one year along its course in six points, which were defined as having specific characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality of the Marmeleiro River by monitoring the physicochemical and biological parameters, where the results were compared and described statistically between the points during the study period. Soil use and occupation were determined by on - site observations of the studied area, as well as the use of photointerpretation for mapping. A questionnaire was also applied to the riverine population in order to obtain more information on the use of river water. The data concerning the use and occupation of the soil were related to the analyzed water quality, through statistical analysis. Some of the parameters analyzed were not in compliance with current legislation, but in generally presented good condition. It was verified that the parameters turbidity, conductivity, phosphorus and dissolved oxygen obtained significant variation among the points, probably due to the specific characteristics of each point. From the sanitary point of view, the analyzes indicated fecal contamination, which corroborates with a site visit and questionnaire application, where domestic sewage in some localities are directed to the river. In relation to the use and occupation of the soil, the evaluated area presented mainly the practice of agricultural and farming activities, that directly or indirectly contribute to the degradation of the well. Still other factors may be influencing water quality, such as urban network, the absence of a sewage treatment network in most of the city and the city's cemetery, which is very close to the river. The IQA rated that water shows good quality, but this index has limitations, not analyzing important parameters for the public supply such as toxic substances.