Composição e estrutura da assembleia de anuros em diferentes biótipos de um lago artificial da UTFPR, campus Dois Vizinhos, região sudoeste do Paraná

Abstract

Human activities have impacted natural ecossistems and affected the diversity and distribution of amphibians. It's necessary to conduct ecological studies to address patterns of distribution and abundance. This studies will be important to decisionmaking on the conservation of these animals. We tried evaluated the influence of different biotopes in the distribution of frogs assembly in artificial lake in UTFPR Campus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná. Specifically aimed at preparing a list of species of frogs of the artificial lake of the university, analyze the occupation and the constancy of species over the biotope and months of sampling, assess the degree of similarity between the anurans biotope, spatially verify the patterns of abundance and the night period of greatest activity and assess the degree of vulnerability of the species through consultations the official lists of endangered species. The catch frogs occurred from October 2014 to March 2015. First, we selected four biotopes in lake: 1- temporary pond; 2- permanent lake in open area; 3 permanent lake in open and transitional area; 4- stream interior forest. The typical vegetation is transitional between Araucaria Forest and Forest Semideciduous, both in Biome Atlântic Forest. We recorded 14 species of frogs distributed in five families: Hylidae, Cycloramphidae, Leiuperidae, Leptodactylidae e Microhylidae. The temporary pond was the biotope with the highest abundance and species richness (S=11), followed by permanent lake in open and transitional area (S=8), permanent lake in open area (S= 6) and stream interior forest (S=5). The species Aplastodiscus perviridis, Dendropsophus nanus, Hypsiboas faber, Physalaemus cuvieri e Scinax fuscovarius had a wide distribution in all biotopes, while the species Leptodactylus latrans, Leptodactylus mystacinus, Phyllomedusa tetraploidea e Physalaemus gracilis were exclusive to temporary pond, and Proceratophrys sp exclusive to permanent lake in open and transitional area. The biotopes 2 and 3 showed the highest qualitative similarity of Anurans with 75 %, while the biotope in temporary pond had the lowest similarity. The vocalization activity of males was concentrated between 21h and 23h. The temporary pond favored greater variety of frogs, especially opportunistic species. It's probably due a higher environmental heterogeneity.