Avaliação de genotoxicidade em células hepáticas e sanguíneas de Rhamdia quelen submetidas a exposição ao herbicida 2,4-D

Abstract

Since World War II, agricultural inputs have been developed and used on an increasing scale for pest control and increased agricultural productivity. However, their waste reaches other environments becoming polluting, especially in aquatic ecosystems as these are the final receptors of waste released into the environment. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on native species Rhamdia quelen. The bioassay consisted of quadruplicates that ingested three concentrations of 2,4-D by gavage, in addition to the equally manipulated control group. Five gavages were performed throughout the experiment in two sampling periods, the first at 22 days and the second at 42 days. Molecular damage analyzes were measured using the comet assay test in which 100 nucleosides per sample were classified into five damage levels. And statistical analysis was done using ANOVA if the data were parametric or Kruskal Wallis. The study did not show significant differences between treatments, however it indicated significant difference between the sampling times in which the highest rate of genetic damage occurred in the shortest period of exposure to the herbicide.