Mapeamento digital e conflitos de uso do solo da bacia do Rio Jirau

Abstract

The watershed of the Jirau River has great social and economic importance for the Municipality of Dois Vizinhos PR, due to the water supply to the urban and rural community. The objective of this work is to perform the digital mapping of soil classes, capacity utilization and conflicts with the current use of soils of the Jirau River Basin. The present work was carried out in the Jirau River Basin, located in the municipality of Dois Vizinhos, located in the southwestern mesoregion of the state of Paraná. The work was carried out in four stages of execution. The first stage was carried out at the Topography and Geoprocessing Laboratory of UTFPR Câmpus Dois Vizinhos. At this stage, the perimeter of the Jirau River Basin was delimited using as boundary the water dividers, based on the ASTER-GDEM satellite elevation model with spatial resolution of 30 meters, the relief representation indices were generated in the SAGA GIS ® software. In the second stage, the delimitations of the soil classes were carried out from the indexes of greater significance, for the generation of the preliminary map of soils of the Basin. After the generation of the preliminary legend with the first order of the classes, a topossequence trip was made starting from the divisors of water of the terrain to the part of lower altitude. The digital map of soils of the Basin was elaborated, using the information generated in the preliminary legend and also the attributes analyzed in the field. The map was generated in scale 1: 50,000 and according to the IBGE (2007) color convention chart for maps / soil charts. It was also done the delimitation of the current use and capacity of use of the soils of the Basin. The classification of the current use was made in Google Earth and generated the map in GIS software. The soil use capacity was determined according to the methodology of Lepsch et al., (2013), in which eight classes (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII). The predominant class in the Jirau River basin is the Nitossolo class corresponding to 75.2% of the area followed by the Neossolo classes with 11.8% of the Basin area. According to the land use capacity of the Jirau River basin 0.68% of the area is used below its power, while 5.76% are used above the potential of use, 80, 08% is occupied by the correct use, but must be adequate in the area of erosion control techniques. Only 13.47% of the area is being used correctly.