Eficiência no uso de fósforo em genótipos de feijão com uso de bioativadores de solo

Abstract

Among legumes, beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) provide essential nutrients that may partially replace other protein products for the Brazilian population. Creole bean genotypes are adapted to the environmental and socioeconomic conditions of the farmers, mainly family farmers, and can present high levels of nutrients in the grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of phosphorus use in five bean genotypes, with and without the use of a Penergetic [marca registrada] bioactivator and with and without phosphorus application in soil. The experiment was conducted at UTFPR Câmpus Dois Vizinhos - PR, implanted in the harvest and 2015/2016 and safrinha 2016, the experiments were in a 2x2x5 factorial scheme in a randomized block design with three replicates. The main plot represents the form of planting fertilization, without phosphorus at the base and with phosphorus at the base according to the recommendation for the crop. The subplot consists of the application or absence of phosphate bioactivator in the crop and the sub-plot represents the five bean genotypes. The yield components, bean crop productivity, phosphorus content in the plant tissue and grains and phosphorus efficiency were evaluated. The average productivity of the cultivars in the harvest was higher than in the second crop. The use of Penergetic [marca registrada] resulted in a significant increase in the productivity of the cultivar Pérola in the harvest, the highest number of grains per plant of the Red variety and the highest phosphorus content in the grains in the cultivars BRS Expedito and Cavalo Iraí, in the second crop. The Red variety has been shown to be more efficient in the use of phosphorus for grain production in both the harvest and the offspring. In the presence of phosphate fertilization, the average yield of the genotypes was 12.10% higher in the harvest.