Fenologia da floração e frutificação de goiabeira-serrana (Acca sellowiana) em Dois Vizinhos - PR

Abstract

The feijoa (Acca sellowiana) is a species that belongs to the family Myrtaceae, native to the southern region of Brazil and northern Uruguay. It has high potential for cultivation and commercialization because its fruits possess unique characteristics besides diverse forms of consumption. In this way, genetic improvement projects have been carried out to select cultivars adapted to different areas, in order to expand the crop. The objective of this work is to determine flowering and fruiting phenology, the characteristics and adaptability of a segregating population of Acca sellowiana in the city of Dois Vizinhos, PR. Data collection took place in an orchard located at the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, in Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil, with 60 plants. Phenology evaluations were carried out in the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 harvest years, the other evaluations of effective fructification, pollen germination and directed crosses occurred only for the 2015/2016 crop year. The results show that the edaphoclimatic characteristics interfere in the period and duration of the flowering, leaving it bigger and more precocious, besides the viability of the pollen that is compromised by the high temperatures. It was possible to identify the possibility of self-incompatibility of one of the crosses of the segregating population and to define the influence of the type of pollination (self-pollination, open pollination and cross-pollination) on the effective fruiting and growth curve of the fruits.