Análise em CFD da eficiência de acessórios aerodinâmicos instalados em caminhões

Abstract

Road tranport in Brazil is the main responsible for the cargo handling in this country. This kind of transport makes use of trucks that consumes a hudge amount of diesel oil, being the aerodynamic drag one of the mais factors in fuel consumption. Even with a lot made to improve the truck aerodynamic, there is still enough space to improve it. This work seeks to advance in this area, and to do it, it analized four kinds of aerodinâmic devices with the commercial software Ansys Fluent ®, student version. The analysis were carried out with a velocity of 25m/s (90km/h), bidimensional space, steady state and incompressible flow. The turbulence model used was realizable k-ε, with second order acuracy approximations and quadrilateral dominant mesh. The numerical model was validated based on a wind tunnel experiment that followed the same scope as this work. The numerical solution for the original truck and trailer resulted in an aerodynamic drag reduction of 39% for the roof deflector device, 14% for the bumper deflector device, 12% for the rear extensor and 5% for the gap seal. The forecast is to reduce the fuel consumption up to 9%.