Uso do lodo de flotador de abatedouro de aves na produção de biochar

Abstract

Original from the thermal conversion of biomass, the biochar is constituent by high carbon content, in structures that are responsible for high resistance to degradation. The material has been being object of study for its many uses and benefits offered to the environment. However, the physical and chemical properties of the biochars vary grandly due to heterogeneity of raw materials and production conditions. This study had by aim to evaluate the use of the sludge of flotador of slaughterhouse of birds in the production of biochar. In order to do that, the biochar was produced on temperature of 350 °C during one hour, and both in the raw materials as in the final product were made evaluations of pH, electrical conductivity (E.C), cation exchange capacity (CEC), volatile material and ashes, immovable carbon, aluminum content, chrome and zinc. Test were also performed desorption of aluminum and toxicity . In the toxicity test were evaluated the seeds germinated of Lactuca Sativa during the three days of experiment of incubation, the Relative Growth Index (RGI), Germination Index (GI), length of the roots, fresh mass and dry mass In general the biochar presented inferior values to the sludge only for electrical conductivity, moisture content and in the desorption of aluminum. Regarding toxicity test the biochar provided the best yeld of the lettuce seedlings for the majority of the variables, obtaining values close to the control with distilled water. The sludge of flotador presented a slight phytotoxicity on Lactuca Sativa and the concentrations of metals heavy may have contributed for this effect, along with other toxicants not analyzed on this study.