Instrumentos de diálogo entre municípios e cidadãos: análise sobre a condição de diálogo dos municípios paranaenses com menor e maior índice de governança municipal

Abstract

The present research identified Public Communication as one of the main instruments for good Public Governance to the extent that communication enables transparency, control and participation. He also identified that, at present, the concept of Public Communication is not limited to the unilateral disclosure of information by the State, but must allow for an effective dialogue between Administration and administrators. Considering communication as essential to good Public Governance and dialogue as an improvement of communication, this study investigated the condition of dialogue between State and citizens, seeking to verify whether any relationship can be established between the level of dialogue and the level of Public Governance. As a parameter for the level of governance, the municipal governance index prepared by the Federal Council of Administration – IGM-CFA was used. As a parameter for the level of dialogue, a criterion was set considering the amount of interactions obtained with municipalities in Paraná, through the electronic channels Facebook and e-mail. In the theoretical framework, the concepts of governance were approached, from their origin in the private sphere to their application to the public sphere in Brazil. Then, the concept of Public Communication was presented, its relationship with advertising and transparency was addressed, the concept of dialogue was formulated for the purposes of the work, the relevance of digital communication for the public sphere was presented and finally the general characteristics of IGM- CFA. The research was classified as applied and descriptive and used the design of multiple case studies. As for the techniques for achieving the objectives, the following questions were asked: a) five questions for one hundred municipalities in Paraná and according to the number of responses obtained, the municipality had its level of dialogue classified between nonexistent and excellent, according to the scale developed for the present research; b) questioning managers in order to get their impression about the main difficulties for the development of dialogue between municipalities and citizens and c) once the level of dialogue in the selected municipalities was identified, a possible relationship between the municipal governance index and the dialogue index, noting that, although there is a significant lack of dialogue both for municipalities with a lower level of governance and among those with worse levels, there is a better condition for dialogue for municipalities with a higher IGM, which may indicate that a better governance condition has a positive effect on the condition of dialogue. As for the impression of the managers, most of the responses were in the sense that the population itself does not usually seek dialogue through electronic channels provided by the municipalities. In order to better understand the results, GDP per capita and population of the municipalities that obtained an optimal dialogue performance were also analyzed, noting that there is no relationship between a better GDP per capita and a better dialogue condition, however, municipalities with a smaller population achieved better performance in terms of dialogue with their citizens, through the electronic channels Facebook and e-mail.