Análise da implantação de um sistema fotovoltaico conectado a rede na cidade de Blumenau-SC

Abstract

Brazil has been following the world trend in the growth of the participation of photovoltaic systems in the energy matrix, this in turn presents characteristics that favor both the use in solar plants as the integration in the urban environment, aiming to better understand this integration in the city of Blumenau and how generation can be boosted by aesthetically harmonizing and building on existing structures. In order to demystify and further popularize this distributed generation model, a real step-by-step project was made, encompassing the choice of modules, inverter, module placement and regularization with the local power company. For study purposes, the Merit Index of ten grid-connected photovoltaic systems, all in the city of Blumenau, was calculated. The analysis thus contemplates and compares the Productivity, Performance Rate and Capacity Factor of each system so that they can be compared between them. Two of the systems fit into commercial systems, while the others as residential systems, all systems analyzed have the same inverter brand. The modules have a variation of five different models, however, all polycrystalline. For the calculation of these merit indices, the irradiation data obtained from the station of the National Institute of Meteorology installed in the city of Indaial and the data collected by a low cost pyranometer with silicon cell sensor installed next to one of the systems were used. There was a need to make a correction to the data obtained with the pyranometer, because even with a sensor that has a lower spectral reading than that used at the National Institute of Meteorology station, the daily irradiation data were higher than those officially recorded. Following the idea of maintaining the low cost of research, a proprietary datalogger was developed that perfectly met the requirements of local horizontal irradiance data acquisition, recording second by second irradiance, thus generating a volume of more than 30,000 readings daily. Another objective is to contribute to the dissemination and popularization of photovoltaic systems in the Itajaí Valley, even being among the regions with the lowest irradiance rates in the country, the good productivity rates and the graphs comparing the energy generated with the expected energy confirm the viability.