Efeito residual da aplicação de gesso agrícola sobre o desempenho agronômico da soja em sistema plantio direto

Abstract

In the phosphate fertilizer industry, during the production of phosphoric acid is generated a waste product, it is calls like gypsum fertilizer. This material, in dust form, has been using to correct the soil profile, loading calcium and sulfur and reducing the aluminum toxic activity in depth. The improvement of the chemical profile conditions may be help the root system growth, providing the best conditions to the plantas, especially in dry years. The aim of this paper has been evaluated the residual efect of increasing doses of gypsum fertilizer in the yield components in the soybean crop. The experiment was conducted at Federal Tecnological University of Paraná, campus Pato Branco in a Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico with a very clayey texture. The experimental design used was randomized block design, with five treatments (increasing doses of gypsum fertilizer): 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Mg ha-1, applied on the surface and with four repetitions. Gypsum fertilizer was applied in January/2019 and the soybean crop was implemented in the 2019/2020 harvest, one year after gypsum fertilizer supplied. Grain yields, mass of one thousand grains, number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod were evaluated. The residual application of agricultural gypsum influenced, significantly, only the grain yield, but with a low reliability index (R² 33.2%). It is concluded that, under the conditions of the study, in normal rainfall conditions, gypsum fertilizer doesn’t influence the performance of soybeans crop.