Expressões aritméticas: dificuldades encontradas entre alunos ingressantes no primeiro ano do ensino médio da escola técnica Guaracy Silveira

Abstract

This research has as objective to identify the students entering the 1st year of Technical Education Integrated to High School, from the Technical School Guaracy Silveira, the difficulties in taking advantage of the knowledge acquired in Elementary School in solving arithmetic expressions, applying the process of developing competencies and skills, of according to the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), for the thematic unit “Numbers”. The methodology used was by Survey, in which the information obtained was a data collection instrument through individual activity in the resolution of a single Exercise of arithmetic expressions. The Exercise was divided into six phases: Phase 0 (zero), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, Phase 4 and Phase 5 and to solve it, the competences and skills acquired during Elementary School are required. Although students entering the 1st year of Technical Education Integrated to High School at Escola Técnica Guaracy Silveira take an admission test, 78% of students have difficulties in solving arithmetic expressions, their relations from different meanings, as well as the application of basic and fundamental operations involving natural numbers, rational numbers and mental and written calculation procedures, which makes it difficult to develop skills and competencies in solving problem situations, not only in the classroom, but also outside from school. One of the perceptions of this work, and what is even more worrying, is the cultural and social situation in which students, parents and guardians are inserted. Of the latter, some do not show a real concern in the development of their children's learning potential, since not studying, being promoted to the next year without developing skills is becoming something culturally accepted by parents, taking root in society, becoming a collective social phenomenon.