A matéria orgânica na redução do efeito tóxico do alumínio

Abstract

Aluminum is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust and is very important for the economy as it serves as a raw material for the metallurgical, civil, pharmaceutical and other industries. However, it represents damage to agriculture, because, when hydrolyzed, it limits root development and, consequently, reduces the productive potential of cultivated plants. Brazilian soils are naturally acidic, which means low fertility, and with high amounts of oxides, including aluminum's oxides. To reduce this problem, it is invested in techniques such as: resistant plants to the toxic ion, correction of acidity with liming and adoption of the system of no-tillage. This system, besides a conservationist practice, promotes the accumulation of organic matter, and consequently allows the increase of the formation of organic acids and availability of nutrients in the superficial layers of the soil. Another vantage about the no-tillage system is reduce drastically the toxic effects of the aluminum through the complexation of the element, by humic substances, or by the formation of compounds in the soil solution. Thus, the present work had the objective of carrying out a scientific literature review on the organic matter efficiency in the aluminum complexation and its potential reduction of aluminium's toxic effect. The research was conducted through the consultation of books and also articles available on the platforms Google Scholar and Science Direct. Were used as key words: aluminum, organic matter, complexation and no-tillage system, with no chronological restriction of the published. Few studies were found on the subject, indicating lack of studies on the action of organic matter specifically on the complexation of aluminum.