Desempenho de sementes de soja mediante aplicação de produtos à base fosfitos

Abstract

Soybean crop has a large participation in the world agricultural sector, being one of the most produced oleaginous in the world. The use of high quality seeds with high vigor and germination rates in their cultivation can and is a decisive factor that will guarantee a good initial establishment of the crop in the plantation, generating plants with high productive potential. A limiting factor for the use of these seeds with high quality is the great physiological heterogeneity of seed lots, which present seeds with high and low vigor. The treatment of seeds is a practice of extreme importance for the initial establishment of all crops, by providing in seeds a favorable conditions for plants formation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the action of phosphite based products and doses applied via seeds on the physiological and metabolic performance of soybean seeds. The experiment was conducted in the Seed and Biochemistry Laboratories of the Federal Tecnological University of Parana - Campus Dois Vizinhos. The experimental design was completely randomized in a bi-factorial scheme, consisting of 3 phosphite products (Manganese Phosphite, Potassium Phosphite and Copper Phosphite) and four doses (100, 200, 300, 400 ml / 100 kg), Plus one control (untreated) totaling 13 treatments. The physiological attributes of the seeds (germination and vigor) and the possible metabolic routes involved in the resistance induction processes of the plants were evaluated. The application of phosphites generated positive increases in the physiological attributes of the soybean seeds up to the dose of 200 ml / 100 kg. All phosphites were able to increase the levels of chitinase and -1,3 glucanase in soybean seedlings. Only Copper phosphite capable of activating the enzyme phenylalanine ammonialyase.