Literatura e trabalho: o universo laborativo em Parque Industrial, de Patrícia Galvão

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the labour universe and the political and social issues in the novel Parque Industrial, by Patrícia Galvão. Considered the first Brazilian proletarian novel, Parque Industrial was published in the 30s and has as its central theme the struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletarians, as well as the female labour in the factories of São Paulo. Classical authors who analyze the labour universe were used, like Marx (1975) and Engels (1990). To analyse literature and society universe were used the concepts of Candido (2003), to the political and social context, were used the reflections of Luca (2001) and Iglesias (1988), and as a conception of language, were used the theoretical philosopher Bakhtin (2010). Were concluded that, the issue labour is the driving force of this novel. Among the characters analyzed here are some professions: the Police officer, the immigrant labour in the coffee plantations in São Paulo, workers in textile factories; salesman; members of “lumpenproletariat”, like pimp and prostitute, and even the universe of "no labour", represented by some characters of the bourgeoisie. According to theoretical analysis about these professions, the labour universe in Parque Industrial can be classified as: exploratory; alienated; labour as a meas to exert an ideology; and, finally, the workers´ attempt to fight against, through labour organizations, want to break with the capitalist system and install the communist revolution.