Desenvolvimento de telha ecológica a partir de resíduo de gesso da construção

Abstract

First of all this work presents plaster on civil construction, its application, features and its waste. In sequence is shown some legislation regarding solid waste management in building industries and specifically on the CONAMA resolutions n ° 307/02 and n ° 431/11 in which the residue of plaster has been reclassified about its destination. With the reclassification it is considered a feasible material to reuse and recycle. Then are mentioned some case studies that demonstrate the possibility of the reuse of plaster. The work objective was to investigate the technical feasibility of plaster waste as a raw material for building materials, in this case to be incorporated on a tile. So, a description is given of the types of tiles, its characteristics and manufacturing methods, as well as two types of recycled tiles. It is also described the albedo, associated with the benefit of white roofs in the temperature reduction of the buildings in the hottest days. A list of possible forms and coverings to adapt the plaster on the tile were made, and from the propitious characteristics of tiles an evaluative matrix was made, so a tile to be detailed was chosen from it. The chosen model was the Giant Colonial, with a polymeric cover made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) waste involving the plaster waste. A 3D model was developed and the tile was called GePET tile. Moisture, density and true density of the gypsum residue was defined in the laboratory. Several features of the tile were described as their size, weight, the source of raw material, production, roof installation, maintenance and durability, discard after their life cycle, albedo, thermal insulation and the cost of the tile. It was concluded that manufacturing a tile with plaster waste is possible, associated with PET waste, making product sustainable and 100% recyclable having many advantages. The tile has also some disadvantages, one is the cost because it is much higher than the competing products of the market.