Estudo da viabilidade da utilização de lodo de ETA em blocos vazados de concreto por meio da avaliação de propriedades mecânicas e acústica

Abstract

In recent years, the population growth, coupled with intense urbanization, has contributed to an increase in the demand for consumer goods and, consequently, the degradation of various natural resources, like water. In the process of treatment of the water is created a large amount of sludge, solid waste of class II, whose unnatural release in superficial waters is prohibited, according to the Law 9.605 / 98. For the present work, a methodology was developed, based on physical, mechanical and acoustic tests, in order to analyze the feasibility of the incorporation of this residue in the production of cast concrete blocks with no structural purpose. The experiments were made using conventional blocks as reference, for studies and comparisons of concrete pieces with three different contents of residue incorporation, being 0.7%, 1.4% and 2.1%, replacing to the aggregate mass, in the laboratories of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - Curitiba. Among the tests carried out, it was verified that the blocks made from waste obtained similar performance in relation to the absorption and the acoustic attenuation, as for the mechanical properties, the blocks with sludge presented resistance to uniaxial compression, superior to the conventional ones. Thus, it is concluded that the construction of blocks from ETA sludge residues is feasible, since in addition to the removal of this waste from the environment, its introduction in the manufacturing process does not affect the performance of the block.