Casa de parto: a humanização do ambiente de nascer por meio da arquitetura

Abstract

Childbirth has undergone several social impositions over the years in western society, moving from an intimate moment to a pathological event in about a century. The technocratic childbirth, currently predominant model, hospitalizes the parturient and has as central figure the doctor, whose power of decision overlaps with that of the mother and her family. In the technocratic model the levels of obstetric violence is striking, with frequent verbal aggression, isolation, and negligence. The humanization of childbirth care emerges as a movement to rescue childbirth as a natural event, in which the pregnant woman must be the protagonist, have autonomy and be aware of all her options and choices. The present study analyzes, through a bibliographical review, the role of physical space in the birth environment and whether it can contribute to the process of humanization and de-hospitalization of labor. After the bibliographic review and the analysis of the case studies, the basis for the architectural design of a Humanized Birth Place is proposed.