Avaliação do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos a partir de políticas públicas: uma análise em três metrópoles brasileiras

Abstract

In Brazil, it is up to municipalities effective management of municipal solid waste - MSW, where these are to be used for municipal management plans, seeks to include the optimization of resources of public entities, also the social impact as well as the problems arising from bad MSW management. The objective of this study is to analyze the cities of Curitiba, Porto Alegre and Salvador with regard to the management of MSW, from the guidelines of the National Policy on Solid Waste - PNRS (Law 12.305/10) and from the aspect of determinants that influence the effectiveness of management. To review this alignment were met described the characteristics of municipal policies through municipal plans for solid waste management, from PNRS guidelines, adopted by the municipalities of Curitiba, Porto Alegre and Salvador. It also assessed the management of MSW considering the actions and information collected through questionnaires given to bodies in charge of the city halls of the municipalities analyzed. Thus, the methodology used is qualitative analysis of primary data for the identification of the variables in the cities studied, and secondary, with the use of municipal plans of PNRS, sites of municipalities and a field research report conducted prior to this work, arranged in three phases, exploratory, descriptive and analytical. So for a result, service of PNRS by municipal plans for solid waste management, it was found that those treated sections refer to the diagnosis, disposal, consortiums, management specifications, income generation, reduction of waste and participation public power. Already the most underserved sections refer to the transport arrangements, training and supervision. By results of the analysis of the variables have been identified twenty-one variables in which their presence is common in the three municipalities analyzed, since the missing are financial incentives, reverse logistics, alternative treatment and incineration plant.