Análise da qualidade ambiental da área urbana do município de Peabiru - PR

Abstract

The urbanization and industrialization processes experienced since the twentieth century expanded intense, take over many environmental issues in the urban landscape. With this in mind, Landscape Planning comes up as a tool to study environmental degradation, seeking, through planning and management, meet the needs of nature conservation and people with a view to improving environmental quality. Considering that the environmental indicators are constructed to provide information for better quality of life in social and environmental dimension, this work aimed to analyze the environmental quality of the urban area of the municipality of Peabiru - PR, by the indicators application of land cover and environmental salubrity. For the land cover indicator, a classificatory legend was used, whose main focus was the mapping of vegetation cover and built areas, it was methodologically developed by Valaski (2013), Nucci, Ferreira and Valaski (2014) and Ferreira (2015). The Environmental Salubrity Indicator (ISA/Peabiru) was determined using the methodology proposed by São Paulo (1999) and Batista (2005), analyzing the qualitatively and quantitatively performance of water supply, sanitary sewage, solid waste and urban drainage services. By the processing and correlation of both indicators data, it was possible to determine the environmental quality of the study area. The QGIS software was used for the elaboration of thematic maps of land cover, environmental salubrity and urban environmental quality, all elaborated considering the information provided by the last census of the Brazilian Institute and Geography and Statistics (2010) by census tracts. The distribution of coverage classes showed that the built areas account for 47.6% of the study area, the no build areas constitute 17.2%, of which only 1% corresponds to public green areas. The areas destined to traffic totaled 18.5%, while other areas accounted for 16.6%, evidencing the existence of land cover classes that contributed little to environmental quality. The ISA revealed that only one sector of the municipality was classified as having a medium environmental salubrity situation, all other thirteen sectors were classified as low salubrity, mainly due to the absence of a collection and sewage treatment network and to inadequate disposal of solid waste, evidencing lack of infrastructure considered basic. The analyzes concerning the quality of urban environments provide results for decision making by public managers, in order to guide urban planning actions that promote quality of life to the population, harmonizing and valuing the use of the nature elements.