Os agricultores familiares e a construção dos mercados do leite e queijo: a pequena produção e a qualidade frente à legislação brasileira e europeia

Abstract

Milk production have provided a possibility of income even in smaller areas, attracting numerous agricultures who perceive in this activity better opportunities than others. Thus, based on the process of commodification of household production, diversification of livelihoods and influence public health policies, this study examines the strategies of cheese production in the municipality of Itapejara d'Oeste based on the analysis of the trajectory of six families between 2005 and 2012 based on records and interviews that bring to the fore the notion of quality and expectations versus actual results for farmers. By analyzing a database consisting of two agriculture years 2004/2005 and 2009/2010, realized by Prof. Dr. Miguel A. Perondi, with new interviews conducted in 2012 resulted in the case studies discussed and the data presented. Were observed trajectories of families, analyzing data related to farm income, total income, availability of labor, rate of diversification, seeking to highlight the variables in the path of the family throughout the years Showed up obstacles. Were observed trajectories of families highlighting the obstacles encountered in the Brazilian legislation, that few rescues the informal artisanal producers of cheese. This debate is analyzed under the focus of European and Brazilian legislation seeks to show the best way to rescue an efficient system of quality control based on trust and allowing small craft production meet the niche market place. At the study cases can be visualized in loco the importance given to the quality factors of milk e and dairy routine, because they are at direct consumer networks, where the producer-consumer relationship is relevant. The trust and responsibility established on the person who produces is the guarantee for a secure consumption of food at local market, even without official inspection. At the end are shown the bottlenecks for the development of the milk chain, noting that producers develop social networks that absorb their production based on growing confidence of what is produced. In this focus, some producers invest in municipal certification process that formalizes the local access market, however, many others remain in informality increasingly reducing their scale of production. You realize thus limiting law for small family farms, which prevents entry to the formal market, and cheapens and discourages production in short chains.