Distribuição de áreas verdes do bairro Zona 1 – Cianorte, Paraná

Abstract

The expansion of urban areas when done in an unplanned manner, triggers, among other problems, the reduction of green areas. This is one of the concerns with regard to urban environmental quality, which has as one of its basic precepts, to reconcile vegetation and land use starting from planning and ordering of space. Considering this context, the present study aimed to analyze the distribution of green areas from the perspective of urban environmental quality in a neighborhood of the city of Cianorte – State of Paraná. This analysis was possible through the search of information on built and non-built spaces with a focus on Landscape Planning, which initially allowed the creation of a legend for the classification of land cover in the neighborhood, whose methodology was adapted from Valaski (2013), Nucci et al. (2014) and Ferreira (2015). The Index of Green Area per inhabitant in the neighborhood was also calculated, and the vegetation cover was classified, analyzing the classes that had the most representative vegetation cover. Based on the methodology proposed by Jim (1989), we used geometric criteria that analyzed the distribution, connectivity and contiguity of vegetation in the urban environment. Two thematic maps were elaborated using the QGis 2.18 software, using satellite imagery of Bing Aerial dated 2011, including: Map of land cover and Map of distribution of vegetation cover in the neighborhood. From the analysis of the first map, it was verified that the predominant class was Public Green Spaces with 20.9% of the total mapped, due to the contribution of squares and one of the modules of the Green Belt Park present in the neighborhood. Other classes were also representative, such as the one of Constructed Spaces with vegetation between 1 and 20% of the lot and over 20% (approximately 11% each), which evidences the destination of permeable areas as required by the municipal director plan for the neighborhood. In the case of the Green Area Index, this was above the average found in other studies, close to 130 m² of green area per inhabitant, due to the presence of the module of the park identified in the mapping of land cover. Regarding the mapping of the green areas in the studied neighborhood, it was verified that the geometry of the vegetation cover followed several forms like annular, branched, continuous and rectilinear, being concentrated in squares and in the module of the park. In this way, it was verified that there is a high number of green areas, ot having an equitable distribution to the lots of the neighborhood, which reduces the contribution to the urban environmental quality.