Diversidade de polinizadores e plantas em propriedades rurais dos municípios de Corumbataí do Sul e Barbosa Ferraz – PR

Abstract

Native stingless bees are included in Meliponinae subfamily. They are a group of small to medium sized bees, with vestigial stingers and important visitors from many floral species. The objective of this study was to survey the bee species occurring in semideciduous forest (depois confere se eh assim em ingles) in the region of Corumbataí do Sul, located in the Paraná State, West-Central mesoregion. The study was conducted in three different areas, the first located in the city of Barbosa Ferraz and two areas in the city of Corumbataí do Sul (CS1 and CS2), and the three areas are farms with fruit crops. The samples were taken monthly for a year in each area between March 2014 and March 2015 in random walks in the morning (9 am - 12 pm) and evening (13h - 16h). Was used the collection method with entomological net over the flowering plants, only the flowering plants were observed for about 10 minutes each, and all stingless bees visitors were collected. Samples were collected on herbaceous plants in close areas to fruit crops, which had the highest concentration of flowers in everyday collection. The insects were killed in deadly bottles and transported for assembly and packaging in zoology laboratory of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná for later identification. Were sampled 125 bees individuals of 16 different species. The bees visited flowers of 26 plant species distributed in 19 families, with 10 species in property CS1, 18 species in property CS2 and 10 species in property BF. Two species of bees were considered abundant in CS1, CS2 and BF, Apis mellifera and Trigona spinipes, representing 42% and 33% of individuals, respectively. The bees community with greater diversity was CS1. Comparing the diversity of bee genera that visited the three properties, there is a greater similarity between the fauna of bees in CS1 and CS2, while BF has a smaller gender diversity of bees. Although the species composition, the type of soil and the anthropogenic alteration level of the three areas are similar, the CS1 property stand out in specific bees diversity, being favored by having an environment with varied vegetation and the greater crops diversity, thus presenting greater food availability for the bee species.