Saneamento básico no meio rural: um estudo em assentamento rural no interior do Paraná

Abstract

Basic sanitation is totally linked to quality of life through the treatment of domestic water and sewage, as well as solid waste management. In rural areas, there is a major deficiency in terms of sanitation, which can generate health problems and epidemics in both social and environmental settings. The study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of basic sanitation in the Nossa Senhora Aparecida Community of Rural Settlement Nossa Senhora Aparecia in Mariluz, Paraná. Within the settlement there are 235 settled families and the community in study has 48 families, being carried out the work with eleven of these families. A socioenvironmental questionnaire was applied through on-site visits, and water samples were collected for physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes in eight of the eleven lots studied. Thematic maps were elaborated on the ways of water supply (well and eye d ' Water), treatment of domestic sewage (septic tank and septic tank) and collection points. Residents make use of wells and water eyes for the water supply, since there is no treatment and distribution system in the settlement. The cesspools are the only form of treatment of effluents generated in the toilets of the residences, and drains of sinks and laundries are poured in the open. The physico-chemical analyzes showed the presence of ammoniacal nitrogen above the limit allowed in five samples, and the microbiological analyzes showed the presence of total coliforms in all the samples collected, with negative presence of E. coli in only two samples, possibly due to the lack of Treatment of water, location of the cesspools and protection of wells and mines. The results showed that the community under study needs an adequate basic sanitation infrastructure, to improve the quality of life of its residents.