Estudo da produção de biogás a partir de resíduos sólidos orgânicos de um restaurante universitário com biodigestor anaeróbio doméstico

Abstract

Due to the large generation of solid waste and the problems of fossil fuels, technologies are being used to minimize pollution and reduce carbon admissions. Anaerobic digestion in biodigestors is one of the alternative for the removal of pollutant, biogas and biofertilizer production which is rich in nutrients and is essential for the development of plants. There are several types of models and ways of operating biodigesters, from the most robust to the simplest. As a result, the aim of this project was the study of the biogas production and the biofertilizer effluent from a low cost domestic biodigester built in a university restaurant in Campo Mourão city. The biodigester was fed with 8% of food waste from the restaurant and swine manure from the closest farm. The anaerobic digestion was monitored for 60 days using the U-manometer, the digital laser thermometer and the CO and H2S gas detection equipament. Although the production of gases was efficient, the volume was not enough for the porpoise of burning, one of the factors that influenced this was the temperature which oscillated significantly. In relation to the generated effluent, it obtained 52% of COD removal, with no sedimentable solids and pH 6.51. In Brazil, there is no specific legislation for biofertilizers with established standards, thus, at the moment, the effluent can serve as a corrective in acidified soils.