Hidrólise do óleo de macaúba

Abstract

With a great increase in the consumption of oil in the world and because it is a limited and polluting energy, we are looking for new sources of clean and renewable energy. Biodiesel can be obtained from residual soybean oil, or other alternative sources that do not compete with human consumption. An alternative is the use of macaúba oil, because its large amount of fatty acids. The present work aimed to perform the hydrolysis reaction of macaúba pulp oil (Acrocomia aculeata), the reaction that precedes the esterification reaction for biodiesel synthesis. The reaction was carried out with the aid of a heterogeneous KSF clay catalyst and homogeneous as sulfuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. The hydrolysis of the macaúba pulp oil was performed in batch reactor jacketed at ambient pressure. It was found that by subjecting the oil of the macauba pulp to pH 1.0 with sulfuric acid at a molar ratio of 1:50 after 240 minutes of reaction the best result was obtained reaching an acidity of about 158 mg KOH g -1 of sample, compared to the average initial acidity of 90 mg of KOH g-1, the considerable increase of the acidity is visible.