Desenvolvimento de carreadores poliméricos para a liberação de glicose

Abstract

Hypoglycemia is a disease caused by low blood glucose levels that affects people with diabetes type 1, especially young people and children. Most of cases occurs at nigh due to lack of glucose monitoring. An alternative to increase glucose level maintenance could be by developing systems that could control glucose release. Thus, this study aims to synthesize and characterize gelatin and sodium caseinate hydrogels, crosslinked with transglutaminase containing glucose. Four types of hydrogels and their respective controls (without glucose) and produced where the conditions evaluated were the material used to manufacture the hydrogel and drying treatment. To characterize glucose release from hydrogels to water the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was applied, and the thermal stability by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as well as the characterization of the hydrogels obtained by Infrared Spectroscopy Fourier Transform (FTIR) were performed. The samples produced were differentiated through the drying treatment used. Oven-dried samples showed a glassy characteristic and the freeze-dried samples presented a porous structure. Regarding to the release analysis the samples dried in an oven presented higher initial rate of release. However, it was observed that the total amount of released glucose was higher for the freeze dried hydrogels. For DSC analysis it was found that glucose was in the amorphous phase in hydrogels matrix, so aiding in the retention of water, thereby the release. For FTIR analysis it was confirmed the enzymatic crosslinking by the presence of the monosubstituted amide group band in hydrogels with and without glucose. Furthermore, the displacement of the C-O band in the crosslinked hydrogel, which can be indicated the interaction between glucose and the polymeric matrix. Thus it was possible to synthesize hydrogels having high absorption capacity and the efficiency in release of glucose.