Análise química e biológica de metabólitos voláteis isolados de plantas das famílias Myrtaceae e Zingiberaceae

Abstract

In this work we investigated the chemical composition of volatile metabolites extracted from four plants Pepper pseudocaryophyllus (Myrtaceae), Psidium cattleyanum (Myrtaceae), Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae) and Costus spiralis (Zingiberaceae) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Results are presented relative to seasonal chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Pepper pseudocaryophyllus in samples collected bimonthly from January to November 2009. In November showed the highest concentrations on the major constituents of the essential oil from the leaves of this species, being chavibetol (70.90%) and methyleugenol (20.70%). Furthermore, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oil from the leaves of P. pseudocaryophyllus through techniques of diffusion disk and broth microdilution. The chavibetol, major compound was shown to be responsible for the greatest antifungal activity. We present also the seasonality of the essential oil obtained from the rhizome of Hedychium coronarium in samples collected bimonthly from March to January 2012-2013. In March the highest concentrations were observed on the major constituents of the essential oil of the rhizome of this species, and β-pinene (31.82%) and 1,8 cineole (28,30%). The population study of volatile metabolites from the leaves of Psidium cattleyanum collected in Curitiba identified twenty-eight components, the majority being lavander lactone (12.26%). Conversely, thirty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil of the species ecosystem in restinga provided the major constituent being the α-tujeno (25.20%). The extraction of volatile metabolites of flowers H. coronarium and bracts of C. spiralis was effected through the aeration process, providing linalool (43.58%) and β-pinene (23.25%), respectively as the major compounds.