Aplicação de técnicas de controle ativo de vibrações em sistemas mecânicos

Abstract

The present work proposes the active vibration control applied in a composite material beam using electromagnetic actuators. The advantage of using these actuators is the application of force control without mechanical contact. In order to evaluate the performance of different control techniques, the following control techniques were applied: Optimal Control, specifically the linear quadratic regulator via linear matrix inequalities, Fuzzy control and Neuro-Fuzzy control. The mathematical model of the beam was obtained through the ERA/OKID algorithm, which consists of an identification method used to identify modal parameters in complex structures. With the mathematical model, the controllers were designed, being responsible for determining the control effort. Electromagnetic actuators were responsible for applying control efforts to stabilize the system. From there, numerical simulations and experimental tests were carried out, in which the attenuation of the vibration of the system was obtained in both procedures, and in the three types of controllers, evaluated through the responses both in the time domain and in the frequency domain. The controllers showed an accommodation time in the time domain in about half until a second and in the frequency domain they presented an attenuation of the first mode of vibration by about ninety percent. Finally, the robustness of the controllers was analyzed from the variation of +/- 20% inserted in the dynamic matrix of the system, in which the controllers were shown robust, thus validating the studied methodology.