Uma unidade didática fundamentada na Base Nacional Comum Curricular para alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental e suas dificuldades na produção textual

Abstract

This research aimed to test teaching-learning strategies of the textual letter genre, as well as to analyze the textual productions of students of a 5th year of a municipal school in the city of Pato Branco in Paraná and, based on the difficulties encountered, to plan, develop and apply a didactic unit, which was based on the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). For the didactic unit, the genre of the letter discourse served as a means for the production of data from this research, with three textual productions called pre-test, rewrite and post-test. During the application of the didactic unit, seven face-to-face classes were prepared using examples, printed activities, a questionnaire with the conducting teacher and a projector for displaying content. The research had as its modalities the action research and the bibliographic research, being its method of qualitative-interpretative procedure. To analyze the data generated, the research used Cagliari (1989), an author who classified problems in students' texts, in addition to authors on the letter genre such as Gomes (2002) and Melo (2009). The results indicate that students had difficulties such as punctuation marks, misuse of letters, graphic accents and modification of the segmental structure of words, but with the intervention of the didactic unit, the numbers of these problems were reduced. Despite this, difficulties remained such as modification of the segmental structure of words, misuse of letters, graphic accentuation, punctuation marks and syntactic problems. In addition, the students demonstrated to be able to appropriate the gender effectively. The results also showed that this didactic unit, aligned with the BNCC, contributed satisfactorily to the development of the expected competencies and skills.