Desempenho e conectividade de redes híbridas em sistemas de transporte inteligente cooperativo

Abstract

The Intelligent Transportation System enables intelligent management of different modes of transport and traffic, and is extended by the Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System, where components share information with each other. As a means of communication, the Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System has cellular mobile networks and Short Range Communication with a hybrid topology composed of an vehicular ad-hoc network plus infrastructure elements. Thus, vehicular ad-hoc network is shown as a possible communication solution aimed at meeting Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System proposals. This study is designed to analyze distinct hybrid network topologies for connectivity and performance, which could serve as a vehicular hybrid network providing telecommunications capabilities for a Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System. In this work, the public transport system composed of mobile nodes, consisting of public transport vehicles with communication resources, and fixed nodes, consisting of infrastructure elements with communication resources, forming a hybrid topology network. This study considers the implementation of a fixed network composed of nodes that act as repeaters collaborating for communication between nodes that would not otherwise be possible. This fixed network can be deployed in traffic control elements and other public structures, forming linear and grid topology networks, according to the geographic distribution of these elements and the importance of the road where they are located, with distances between nodes multiples of the length of a block. Performance and connectivity are considered. Depending on the distance between the nodes, the network can become disruptive, and two disruptive network improvement methods have been considered. The improvements chosen consisted of increasing the number and time of contact between nodes and the use of fixed nodes acting as static data mules to transfer data between the mobile nodes passing through it.