Livro didático e atividades de modelagem matemática: algumas articulações

Abstract

The Mathematical Modeling, while an pedagogic alternative, allows the active participation of the students in the learning and teaching processes. Beyond that, there are several works that appoint that when the modeling is allied to the peircean semiotics facilitate the teacher to highlight meanings that the students give to the mathematical objects and, as of these perceptions, plot new strategies to the student’s learning. With that, we see a need to such pedagogic alternative to become more and more common and known to teachers that work on the different levels of education. For such, we propose an articulation between modelling and semiotics with the mathematics textbook, which is an important tool and very used by professors in the classroom. Thinking on the possibilities of these articulations, we investigated: “What situations-problem, that deal with functions that are defined by more than one sentence, present in textbooks from PNLD-2018, have the potential to be forwarded as Mathematical Modeling activities?”. For that, we analyzed High School mathematical textbooks that were approved on the National Program for Books and Didactic Material (PNLD – Plano Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático) from 2018. Starting from the analyzed activities, we planned and developed two modeling activities on 21 high school students from a State High School from Londrina and interviewed the class regent teacher. Inspired by the Grounded Theory, we exposed the codes that emerged, the analysis and categories performed from the signs identified on the development of the two activities. With that, we were able to infer that the selection of situations-problem on textbooks that can be forwarded as modeling activities must be done from themes that are close to the students’ day-today life. Beyond that, the “potential to” develop these modeling activities demands that the teacher know his students and develop an articulation with them. Lastly, we indicate the final considerations, taking in mind all the aspects of the research, beyond the description of the educational product linked to this master’s dissertation.