Caracterização e avaliação da restauração passiva em mata ciliar com uso de protocolos de monitoramento na região Oeste do Paraná

Abstract

The wealth of natural resources is a notorious feature of Brazil, known worldwide. However, as the human occupation of the Brazilian territory occurs, there is also a progressive increase in the destruction of natural resources. Forest restoration emerges as an alternative to reverse environmental degradation through techniques such as passive restoration. The present study was developed in an area undergoing passive restoration, located in the western region of the State of Paraná. About 12 years ago, there was no riparian vegetation cover in the area but after encouragement from the Itaipu Binacional company in partnership with local residents, a passive restoration strategy was applied to the damaged area. Since then, no evaluations have been made that allowed analyzing the response of the restoration area to the applied technique. Therefore, this work sought an environmental response of the area through the characterization and evaluation of passive restoration using two monitoring protocols of the ecological restoration. The characterization of the area revealed the occurrence of 64 species belonging to 31 families, being Myrcia laruotteana, Gymnanthes klotzschiana, Myrcia subcordata, Eugenia involucrata, Sebastiania brasiliensis, Calyptranthes concinna and Calliandra foliolosa, the most abundant ones. It was also verified the predominance of zoocoric and non-pioneer species, which are characteristics that help highlight the success of the restoration. Eight indicators of the success of the restoration were also evaluated: crown coverage; basal area; above ground biomass; total richness; richness and density of arboreal regenerants with DBH < 5 cm; richness and density of arboreal regenerants with 1 cm ≤ DAP < 5 cm. It was verified that the restoration of the area is being successful, seeing that the evaluation carried out with the two protocols revealed that the values obtained for the evaluated indicators (except basal area and biomass) are above the expected reference values for an area of 12 years of restoration.