Aprendizagem baseada em problema aplicada no ensino de astronomia para o ensino fundamental - séries finais

Abstract

This dissertation has the goal of implementing an active methodology in the last years of Elementary School, with an education strategy which can make possible improvements in the Astronomy contextualization. The research was based on the Problem Based Learning (PBL) study. Thus, this investigation configures itself in an active applied methodology, substantiated in the elements of the qualitative approach in Astronomy topics. The researches and activities were planed based on the National Curricular Parameters’ orientations for the topics Universe, Planet Earth and Life, in the Diretriz Curricular de Educação Básica – ciências – do Estado do Paraná. The activities were adapted so the Elementary School students can transfigure their previous knowledge to a scientific based conscious through relevant studies by a pedagogical practice in which the subjects of the process and their prior knowledge are considered a fundamental piece. Were contrasted in this research the study of the analog clock, the visible movement of the sun, the Universe expansion, the diameter measurement of the Earth through the knowledge developed by Eratosthenes and an activity which seeks to demonstrate the Area Laws, stablished by Kepler, without using calculus. All this research resulted in the dissertation and the Educational Product that originated a collection of four books about the topics mentioned previously. This experience will be added to the questions, strategies and attitudes that serve as tools for students, allied in its process of acquiring essential concepts in studies in a medium and academic formation.