Análise comparativa de desempenho e consumo de energia em sistemas de aquecimento de piso: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Underfloor heating systems have become an efficient alternative for providing thermal comfort in residential buildings, especially in regions with cold or mild climates, attracting increasing interest due to their potential to reduce energy consumption and environmental impacts when properly designed. In this context, this study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the main residential underfloor heating systems, including electric resistance, hydronic, and infrared technologies, considering aspects related to energy efficiency, thermal comfort, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability. The research was carried out through a systematic literature review based on national and international scientific publications retrieved from specialized databases, using previously established criteria for study selection, organization, and data analysis. The results indicated that the hydronic system offers the highest energy efficiency and the lowest operating costs when integrated with renewable energy sources, although it requires a higher initial investment. The electric resistance system stands out for its ease of installation and lower initial cost; however, it presents higher energy consumption during continuous operation. The infrared system demonstrated rapid thermal response, ease of installation, and satisfactory performance in intermittent-use applications, representing an intermediate alternative between the other technologies. It is concluded that the selection of the most appropriate heating system should consider building characteristics, climatic conditions, occupancy profile, energy source availability, and associated costs, enabling more efficient, economical, and sustainable decisions for residential construction projects.