Desenvolvimento de um sistema para análise de desempenho de uma rede 6LoWPAN

Abstract

The demand for systems capable of monitoring and automating processes without direct human intervention has driven the Internet of Things (IoT), where connectivity between low-power devices and the internet infrastructure constitutes one of the primary challenges. In this context, the 6LoWPAN protocol enables the transmission of IPv6 packets over wireless networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, allowing the direct integration of resource-constrained devices into conventional IP networks. This work aimed to implement and experimentally evaluate the performance of a 6LoWPAN network using the Contiki-NG v5.1 operating system and the Texas Instruments CC1310 SoC, operating in the 902 to 928 MHz frequency band. The evaluation was conducted in both indoor and outdoor environments by analyzing the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), round-trip time (RTT) latency, packet loss rate, the RPL protocol link metric, and the characterization of the sensor node transmission event. In the indoor environment, the RSSI ranged from −31.0 to −62.2 dBm, maintaining a 0% packet loss rate across all evaluated distances. In the outdoor environment, a packet loss of up to 36.7% was observed at 80 m, with a complete link disruption at 100 m, establishing this value as the network’s operational limit under the analyzed conditions. The median latency remained around 775 ms throughout the tests, indicating that the response time is determined by the CoAP protocol overhead rather than the distance between devices. The characterization of the transmission event recorded a current increment of 16.8 ± 2.5 mA and an additional energy consumption of approximately 185 μJ per transmission. Battery lifetime was not characterized, as it depends on the baseline current, which was not quantified in this measurement. The results confirm the technical feasibility of 6LoWPAN with the CC1310 in the Sub-1 GHz band for sensor node telemetry-internal SoC readings and link quality, with remote actuation-demonstrating reliable communication in indoor environments and providing experimental parameters for range, latency, and power consumption for the dimensioning of IoT networks in the Brazilian context.