Isolados amazônicos de Trichoderma spp. sobre o desenvolvimento morfofisiológico e nutricional de mudas de açaizeiro CV. BRS Pai d'Égua

Abstract

Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a species of great economic, social, and environmental importance in the Amazon region, and the production of high-quality seedlings is essential for the establishment of productive plantations. In this context, fungi of the genus Trichoderma have been used as bioinputs due to their potential to promote plant growth and enhance nutrient uptake. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inoculation with Amazonian Trichoderma isolates on the morphophysiological development of açaí palm seedlings cv. BRS Pai D'Égua. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design consisting of six treatments: T1 – Control; T2 – Trichoderma spp. 02; T3 – Trichoderma koningii; T4 – Trichoderma virens; T5 – Trichoderma spp. 012; and T6 – Trichoderma harzianum, with five replicates and five plants per plot. Biometric traits, relative chlorophyll index (SPAD), biomass production, root architecture, and leaf nutritional status were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared using Tukey’s test. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson’s correlation analysis were performed. Inoculation with Trichoderma significantly improved seedling growth and quality. The treatments T. virens, Trichoderma spp. 012, and T. harzianum showed the best performance for most of the evaluated variables, including biometric traits, SPAD index, biomass production, and Dickson Quality Index. Increases were also observed in root length, surface area, volume, and average root diameter. Regarding nutritional status, inoculated treatments showed higher leaf nutrient contents than the control. Principal component analysis highlighted the separation of the most promising treatments based on growth, quality, and nutritional variables, while Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed positive associations among biometric traits, biomass production, root architecture, and leaf nutrient contents. The results demonstrate the potential of Amazonian Trichoderma isolates as bioinputs for the production of more vigorous açaí palm seedlings and for promoting more sustainable seedling production systems.