Dimensionamento de uma bancada de teste de fadiga por flexão rotativa para obtenção da curva S-N

Abstract

Fatigue is responsible for a large proportion of failures in mechanical elements, especially in components subjected to cyclic bending loads, in which stresses alternate between tension and compression. Although computational tools support the development of mechanical designs, the experimental acquisition of fatigue data remains essential to characterize material behavior and provide information for service life analyses. In this context, this work aims to design and dimension a rotating bending fatigue test bench for obtaining the S-N curve, based on the R.R. Moore model and on the recommendations of ISO 1143 (2021). The methodology consisted of defining the conceptual model of the test bench, dimensioning the main mechanical components, and selecting the instrumentation and control elements required for the equipment operation. For this purpose, analytical mechanical design methods, SolidWorks modeling, and technical catalogs were used to select components compatible with the calculated requirements. As a result, the main assemblies of the test bench were defined, including the metallic structure, loading system, shaft, bearing housings, rolling bearings, welded joints, test specimen fixation system, motor drive system, automatic shutdown system, and rotation counting system. Technical drawings and the wiring diagram required to guide future manufacturing were also developed. It is concluded that the project presents a viable solution for the construction of a low-cost didactic test bench, capable of supporting academic and experimental activities related to the study of fatigue in metallic materials.