Utilização de polímeros como aditivos em fluidos de perfuração em poços de petróleo: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

This study presents a systematic literature review on the use of polymers as additives in water-based drilling fluids employed in oil well drilling. The objective was to critically analyze the contributions of different polymers to the rheological and operational performance of drilling fluids, as well as to identify current research trends in the field. The Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist (ProKnow-C) methodology was applied to select and analyze scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025. The results revealed a growing interest in biopolymers, modified synthetic polymers, and nanopolymers as alternatives to overcome the limitations of conventional water-based drilling fluids. These materials were found to improve key properties such as viscosity, yield point, gel strength, and fluid loss control, contributing to enhanced wellbore stability and cuttings transport efficiency. Biopolymers, including sodium alginate and Pure-Bore®, demonstrated promising performance combined with environmental compatibility, while nanopolymers showed potential for applications under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. Overall, the findings indicate that polymers play a fundamental role in the development of more efficient and environmentally sustainable water-based drilling fluids, with recent research highlighting opportunities for integrating renewable materials and advanced technologies to improve drilling performance.