Análise comparativa do desempenho de três geradores fotovoltaicos em silício policristalino da UTFPR em diferentes configurações de instalação

Abstract

Solar Energy continues to stand out as one of the most promising alternatives of this millennium, and it is of great importance in the energy transition process to achieve the Net Zero. Brazil has great photovoltaic potential, with the greatest progress occurring with the enactment of resolution 482/2012 and its updates, resolutions 517/2012, 687/2015 and 786/2017, including law 14300/2022, known as the Legal Framework for Distributed Generation, and the most recent resolutions 1059/2023 and 1098/2024. For PV systems, analyzing efficiency is important because it directly affects performance. PV systems are a form of distributed generation, and UTFPR alone has six PV systems, three of which are the subject of this study: EPESOL, the Green Office, and Carport, all made of polycrystalline silicon. Given this context, this study analyzed the performance of one of EPESOL’s generators, with a power of 2.345 kWp, which will serve as the control plant, since it is in ideal conditions, oriented towards Geographic North and inclined at 25 degrees, located at the Neoville headquarters, in comparison with a 4.89 kWp Carport, also located at the Neoville headquarters, and with the 2.1 kWp Green Office located at the Central headquarters. Merit indexes were calculated for all grid-connected PV systems, and the results were compared. The first plant achieved 70.97%, the second 68.71%, and the third 65.81%. Finally, five loss factors that affected the performance of these three plants were also observed: dirt, inverter failure, failures in the local power grid, influence of the tilt angle and azimuthal deviation, and climatic factors (temperature and rainfall).