Estudo da morfologia e microdureza em processo de soldagem por fricção (FSW) no alumínio 6061

Abstract

The execution of a welding operation depends on a large number of variables adjustable by the operator/welder, which determines the quality of the weld and the stability of the process. Friction welding is achieved through solid-state joining, where two plates are joined through the transfer of thermal and mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the tool. In the present work, the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process was used to weld 6061 aluminum, which is one of the most popular aluminum alloys available, containing Aluminum, Magnesium, and Silicon. It is a lightweight and sustainable alloy (100% recycled) with specific mechanical properties. Alloys with a low melting point have difficult weldability in conventional welding processes and can be welded by friction welding, with applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. The machine used for welding was the Discovery D600 from ROMI, with combinations varying the rotation (2500, 3000, and 3500 rpm) and the tool feed rate (15 and 30 mm/min). Under the conditions of the tests performed, the highest microhardness of the fusion zone was 89.7 HV at a rotation speed of 2000 rpm and a tool feed rate of 30 mm/min. On the other hand, the greatest width at the surface of the fusion zone was 4.08734 mm at 2500 rpm and 30 mm/min, and the maximum depth was 1.85561 mm at 2000 rpm and 30 mm/min.