Desenvolvimento de aplicativo móvel com sistema cliente-servidor para planejamento de caminho de veículos aéreos não tripulados

Abstract

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are widely used for mapping and planning, particularly in agri- culture for crop monitoring due to their ability to recognize and fly over areas that are difficult to access. These are aircraft equipped with a camera and no onboard pilot, being remotely con- trolled by a control station, which can be a computer or a mobile phone. Aerial images of crops captured by these vehicles allow for mapping, assist in the detection of pests and diseases, application of fertilizers and pesticides, and provide a historical record for ongoing monitoring. In the literature, although there are several studies related to UAV path planning and control, few encompass the use of mobile devices. The objective of this work is to develop a multi-user client-server application for Android smartphones focused on UAV coverage path planning, with a database for storing information. Based on the Boustrophedon coverage path planning algorithm, an interface will be created to allow users to consume it by delimiting the area to be covered on a map. The solution will also include user and crop registration systems and a database to store the generated coverage paths. Crops are registered in the application, and from them, the user can generate coverage paths, which are stored in the database along with the geographical coordinates of the waypoints and flight information such as date, duration, aircraft model, and total distance covered. The application was developed using the React Native framework in Ja- vaScript, which communicates with a PostgreSQL database on a server through HTTP requests to an API developed in Python using the FastAPI tool. This is a multi-user system that includes account registration, login, and security mechanisms such as the use of web tokens in requests and password hashing for secure storage. During testing, an Android device emulator on a com- puter was used throughout development, as well as a Samsung Galaxy S23 smartphone with the final application. The application achieved its objective, being capable of planning coverage paths in different user-defined areas and persisting those paths in the database, along with the registered information about the crop and user account. Furthermore, it presented a clear and visually appealing interface.