Mapeamento da vulnerabilidade ambiental da Bacia do Rio Siemens, Região Sudoeste-PR

Abstract

The impacts on the environment has been increasing constantly. In order to improve this situation, the environmental management appears, exemplified by different actions and procedures, including the environmental vulnerability assessment. So as to evaluate the environmental vulnerability along the Siemens river basin, located in the southwestern of Paraná, this study adapts and applies to the region in question the methodology proposed by Crepani et al. (2001), in which associates to each place in the basin a vulnerability level between 1.0 and 3.0 related to each class of the five different variables analyzed in this study: geology, geomorphology, pedology, land use and climate. Also in a Geographic Information System (SIG), in SPRING environment, through the usage of LEGAL language can be calculated the vulnerability associated to each locality through the calculation of the arithmetic mean among the five analyzed variables. Interpreting the generated data generated it is noticed the Siemens river basin presents a medium level of vulnerability, since almost 58% of the area presents average level of vulnerability equal 2.0, where there is not any area classified as unstable. Moreover, the regions identified with higher level of vulnerability are associated to moderately vulnerable group, which occupy small areas (4,95% of the total area), while the less vulnerable areas, classified as stable, occupy a smaller area, lesser than 0.5%. Through cross tabulation of the data in SPRING environment, it is verified the variables identified as higher influence on mapping were Declivity and Pedology, as most of the areas more vulnerable present high declivity rate, located especially on areas of fragile soil occurrence, like Leptosols. With the identification of the most vulnerable areas of the basin it is possible the targeting of investments and preservation actions and environmental recovery by public authority, optimizing the results to be achieved.