Pectobras: indústria de pectina extraída da laranja pêra

Abstract

This study addressed the conception of an industrial unit focused on the extraction of pectin from pear orange residues (laranja-pêra), particularly the pulp generated during juice processing. The proposal was developed with a focus on adding value to agro-industrial waste and promoting sustainable practices, consequently aligning with the circular economy. The central objective, therefore, consisted of utilizing citrus industry residues to produce pectin, a compound widely employed in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. Regarding the methodology, it encompassed the characterization of the raw material, the definition of ideal conditions for acid extraction and ethanol precipitation, in addition to the subsequent steps of drying, grinding, and standardization. The production process was meticulously described using flowcharts, mass and energy balances, and complemented by market and location analyses. As a main result, the planning for the fictional company Pectobras was presented, projected to be installed in Paranavaí (PR), chosen due to its logistical infrastructure and raw material supply. Additionally, the Process Flow Diagram (PFD) and the company's Layout were developed. The feasibility of energy integration was also analyzed, although an insufficiency of liquid or gaseous streams was observed for this purpose. Finally, the financial viability demonstrated that, despite the 20-year payback period—a duration considered consistent with the company's size and initial investment—Pectobras constitutes a profitable business, presenting an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 12 % per year and a Net Present Value (NPV) of R$ 10,669,764.08.