Biotecnologia aplicada à soja transgênica: uma abordagem bibliométrica

Abstract

This study analyzes the scientific production on biotechnology applied to transgenic soybean between 2000 and 2025, with the general objective of understanding the thematic evolution of the field and the role of biotechnology in the development and consolidation of this crop. To achieve this, five specific dimensions were addressed: mapping the scientific production on transgenic soybean and biotechnology and describing its temporal evolution; identifying co-authorship, institutional collaboration, and international cooperation networks; analyzing the most frequent keywords and themes to identify the main thematic axes; investigating emerging trends and the evolution of research topics over time; and examining research gaps related to the role of biotechnology in the consolidation of transgenic soybean. A bibliometric analysis was conducted from the extraction of the Web of Science database, with data standardization and processing performed using VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and Biblioshiny. The dataset comprised 255 documents and 1,297 authors, analyzed through descriptive statistics and scientific network visualization techniques (co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence). The results show continuous growth in publications, strong international collaboration, and a predominance of co-authored studies, with the United States positioned as the central actor and Brazil standing out as the leading research hub in Latin America. Thematically, the field is concentrated on genetic engineering, pest resistance, gene expression, and plant transformation, organized into three main axes: technical-biological, environmental, and human health. It is concluded that biotechnology applied to transgenic soybean is a consolidated scientific field that continues to expand toward issues related to genetic resilience, agricultural sustainability, food safety, and risk assessment in the context of climate change and increasing agrochemical use.