Avaliação multicritério de modais de transporte na logística humanitária para desastres hidrológicos

Abstract

This study analyzes transportation strategies and the use of emerging technologies applied to humanitarian logistics in hydrological disasters. Given the increasing frequency and severity of these events, driven by climate change, it becomes essential to improve the efficiency of response operations and resource distribution.The research adopts a multicriteria analysis approach to evaluate transportation modes applicable to hydrological disaster situations, considering criteria such as efficiency, cost, sustainability, accessibility, and social impact. The methodology combined a documentary analysis of contingency plans - aiming to understand the logistical guidelines adopted by public agencies - with data collection through an electronic form developed in Google Forms and answered by experts in humanitarian logistics, civil defense, and academia.Based on the responses obtained, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to determine the weights of the criteria, followed by the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to rank transportation alternatives according to their proximity to the ideal solution. The results indicated that four-wheel vehicles presented the best overall performance, followed by helicopters and amphibious vehicles, standing out for their versatility and accessibility in critical terrains.