Avaliação das propriedades mecânicas e da permeabilidade de pavimentos intertravados drenantes com diferentes faixas granulométricas

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanical and hydraulic performance of permeable concrete pavers produced with different aggregate gradations, seeking to understand the influence of particle size distribution on key material properties such as mechanical strength, carbonation, and permeability. This research is justified by the growing need for sustainable urban drainage solutions, considering the impacts of soil impermeabilization and the importance of materials that combine structural strength with hydraulic efficiency. The methodology included the adaptation of testing equipment, the determination and separation of three distinct gradation ranges, the molding of permeable paver specimens, and the execution of laboratory tests for compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, permeability coefficient, and carbonation, following ABNT standards. The results showed that gradation significantly affects the analyzed properties: mixtures with a higher proportion of coarse aggregates presented greater permeability but lower strength, while those with more fine particles exhibited lower permeability and higher strength. Gradation 1, composed entirely of material with a 4.75 mm particle size, achieved the best balance between mechanical and hydraulic performance, making it the most suitable for structural applications in light to medium traffic pavements. Although the average strength values did not meet the minimum limits established by NBR 16416 (2015) and NBR 9781 (2013), due to the porous nature of the material, the permeability was appropriate for urban drainage applications where surface runoff reduction is required. It is concluded that controlling particle size distribution is a key factor for the overall performance of permeable concrete, and that the balance between porosity and compaction should be adjusted according to pavement function, contributing to the development of more sustainable urban solutions.