Marcadores moleculares no melhoramento da soja: uma abordagem cienciométrica

Abstract

Glycine max L. Merril is one of the main legumes grown in the world, serving as a source of human and animal protein. In addition, due to its extensive areas of cultivation, the crop is a major source of employment and income for many countries. As the population grows, so does the demand for food production, so genetic improvement can help increase production within the areas that are already cultivated, i.e. without the need to increase them. Classical breeding evaluates and selects the best plants that can generate superior individuals with characteristics of interest. However, due to the need to evaluate every generation, this process can take up to seven years to launch new cultivars. In this way, the use of tools such as molecular markers can help in decision-making within genetic improvement programs, speeding up the development of new materials. In view of the above, the aim of this work was to carry out a systematic literature review, using a scientometric analysis, surveying the main references related to molecular markers used in the genetic improvement of soybeans, as well as investigating the current state of knowledge on this subject. To this end, the Web of Science (WoS) database was used, listing works from 1945 to 2023, a total of 722 publications which, after refinement, resulted in 284. In the analysis of countries, languages and year, it was concluded that the United States is the country with the largest number of publications, that English is the most widely used language and that publications began in the 1990s, but became more significant in 2012. The number of citations observed was 9,129 and the H-index was 58, suggesting that the topic is highly relevant. Finally, it can be concluded that the most commonly used markers in soybean breeding are SSR and SNP markers.