Avaliação dos riscos ocupacionais utilizando a metodologia multicritério fuzzy ahp em laboratórios universitários

Abstract

University laboratories operate in various areas of knowledge, but expose their users to significant occupational risks. In this context, systematic assessment of these risks is essential for promoting the social and economic sustainability of organizations, since accident prevention not only preserves the physical integrity of individuals, but also contributes to reducing injuries and financial losses. Given this scenario, this study aimed to structure a process for assessing occupational risks in three chemical analysis laboratories at two Brazilian Federal Universities, using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method with trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The methodology applied involved identifying sources of danger and using linguistic variables in FAHP to assess and prioritize occupational risks. The results indicated the predominance of chemical risks, which accounted for more than 70% of the total relevance in all laboratories analyzed. Accident risks associated with electric shocks, burns, and equipment handling failures were given intermediate priority, with weights ranging from 25% to 36%. Ergonomic risks, in turn, obtained the lowest weights, less than 7%, reflecting their lower relative priority in the evaluated context. From a production engineering perspective, the study highlights the suitability of FAHP as a decision support tool in complex systems characterized by the coexistence of multiple criteria and uncertainties. As a scientific contribution, the research expands the capacity to represent the uncertainties inherent in human judgments, providing greater stability and sensitivity in risk prioritization. From a practical point of view, the work offers a decision-making support tool capable of subsidizing the definition of preventive priorities and the direction of corrective actions in academic environments, strengthening occupational safety management in federal educational institutions. Finally, the study reinforces the relevance of FAHP as a tool for assessing occupational risks, with potential for application in university laboratories and various other organizational contexts.