Impacto ambiental e desempenho na usinagem: análise comparativa de diferentes condições de lubrificação

Abstract

This study aims to investigate alternatives to petroleum-based cutting fluids in the turning of AISI 304 stainless steel, specifically evaluating the use of soybean oil and dry machining. The research is motivated by growing concerns about the environmental and occupational health impacts associated with conventional fluids, as well as the demand for more sustainable manufacturing processes. To assess the feasibility of these alternatives, comparative tests will be conducted analyzing several parameters: power consumption of the lathe, measured through variations in electric current during turning; chip characteristics (color and size); and surface roughness of the machined parts. These parameters will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of different lubrication conditions. The results demonstrated that, within the tested conditions, there was no statistically significant difference between the methods, indicating that soybean oil and dry machining may be technically viable alternatives to traditional mineral cutting fluids, offering relevant environmental advantages.